Resistant Hypertension and the Role of Renal Denervation Research Paper

Resistant Hypertension and the Role of Renal Denervation - Research Paper Example Hypertension is a common problem worldwide and is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity. It is associated with several complications like cardiovascular disease, stroke, retinopathy, and renal dysfunction. Elevated blood pressure which has been uncontrolled for a prolonged duration of time can lead to many changes in the structure, blood vessels and the conducting system of the heart. These changes can lead to the development of various conditions of the heart such as coronary artery disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac arrhythmias, and congestive heart failure. The pathophysiology of hypertensive heart disease is a complex interplay of various structural, neuroendocrine, hemodynamic, molecular and cellular factors (Riaz, 2007). These factors not only have a role in the development of hypertensive heart disease, they also are modulated by elevated blood pressure (Riaz, 2007). Persistent elevation of BP has adverse effects on the cardiac function and structure d ue to increased afterload and also due to vascular and neurohormonal changes (Riaz, 2007). Several medications and strategies have been developed to decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension and despite these measures; hypertension continues to be a challenge for some patients. Hypertension not responding to routine medical treatment has been categorized as resistant hypertension. Resistant hypertension can be defined as that blood pressure that is above the estimated goal for the age and gender of the patient, despite concurrent use of at least 3 antihypertensive drugs of different mechanism of action, i.e., different classes of antihypertensive agents. Ideally, one of the antihypertensive agents should be a diuretic and optimal doses of the agents must be prescribed. Such a stringent definition is necessary to identify patients whose hypertension can be controlled by revising pharmacological treatment and also in whom identifiable causes of hypertension exist which whe n treated can reverse the need for high doses of antihypertensives.

The bad influence of the daily use of technology Essay

The bad influence of the daily use of technology - Essay Example In a fast paced society that characterizes the present age, communication requires speed and brevity due to which message appropriateness and effectiveness have suffered. As a result, a communication effectivity gap has risen which threatens to deteriorate social interactions (McFarlane, 1). Moreover, inter-communication between individuals, peers and families has seen a decline. As a result, the communication crisis has seriously affected social relationships as a result of deteriorating physical interaction, declining patience, augmented exasperation, and plummeting communication skills (Martin, n.pag.). New technology is continuously innovating and occupying a central position in our daily lives, so much that physical interactions have started being put on the backburner. With the changing communication patterns and technological devices, individuals particularly young ones, become so deeply involved in the digital screen that they forget to realize that there is another physical world outside the digital realm. Consequently, in-person interactions and face-to-face communication now seems to be on the verge of obsolescence. Increased gaming, texting, and computing distracts the attention from human individuals to a trivial piece of gadget. As a result, individuals do not get to spend quality time with their friends and families due to which social interaction suffers. The arrival of quicker modes of communication has increased the need to have fast and brief messages. A greater emphasis is now paid on the efficiency of sending and receiving the message rather than the effectiveness of the message. This explains why messages today lack linguistic appropriateness, orderly expressions, and quality. The perception that caring too much about message effectiveness is time consuming inhibits the appropriate impact of the message leading to a communication effectivity gap (McFarlane, 1). Reliance on quicker communication has increased and consequently,